Grade:10
English
Unit 2
Reporting Statements
Day 7
Grammar Task: A
Lesson: 7 Time: 40 Minutes
Full Marks: 12 Pass Mark: 5
Please note that all the tasks and items prepared below are
authentic materials and will be used as they are in your terminal, Pre SEE and
SEE Preparation Examinations. You are therefore required to sincerely complete
these tasks on a daily basis. Parents are kindly requested to be observant and
with their children monitoring and supervising their studies and most of these
contents contain a number of materials on the internet, especially YouTube. Just make sure that they don’t get digitally
distracted.
Scene
Setting: Read the following text carefully before you solve the subsequent
problems.
1. Use of direct and indirect speech
· We
use reported speech when we want to repeat what someone had previously said
something. In the direct speech, the present tense is used, whereas in reported
speech we need to use the past tense form of the verb.
· In
direct speech, the speaker conveys the message in his/her own words. But in
reported speech, we convey the same message of the speaker but in our own words
to the third person.
Follow the following
general rules while reporting the direct statements.
•
Remove comma and inverted commas.
•
Change the reporting verb (e.g. said to – told).
•
Change the pronoun of direct speech according to the rules.
•
Change the tense of the direct speech appropriately according to rules.
•
Change the words expressing nearness in time or places of the direct speech
into its appropriate words expressing distance.
Change
of Tense
Direct Indirect
Simple Present Simple
Past
He said, “I want to go home.” He said
that he wanted to go home
Present continuous Past
Continuous
He said, “I am going home.” He said that he was going home
Present perfect Past
Perfect
He said, “My brother has gone out.” He said that his brother had gone out.
Present perfect continuous Past
Perfect Continuous
He said, “I have been writing an essay.”
He said that he had been writing an essay.
Simple Past Simple
Past/ Past Perfect
He said, “I went out in June.” He said that he had gone out in June.
Past Continuous Past Perfect
Continuous
He said, “I was writing an essay.” He said that
he had been writing an essay.
Future
tense (shall/will) would
He said, “I will go home soon.” He said that he would
go home soon.
He said, “She will be playing chess.” He said that she would be playing
chess.
He said, “I shall have gone.” He
said that he would have gone.
He said, “I shall have been writing an
essay.” He said that he would have
been writing an essay
Change
of Pronoun
Since
the person who originally spoke and listened is not the same and as they
change, we need to change the pronoun to denote these people.
For example:
Direct - Rojan said to me, “I will not come
with you.” Indirect - Rojan told me that he would not
come with me.
Change
of Adverbs
Since the time and place of the direct
speech and the reported sentences are different, we need to make changes in
these words/adverbs as well.
Direct Indirect/
reported
1.
yesterday the day before/ the previous day
2.
tomorrow the
following day / the next day
3.
just then
4.
now then
5.
this that
6.
last week previous
week
7.
these those
8.
here there
9.
today that
day
10.
tonight that
night
11.
day after tomorrow in two days’ time
1. Go through the following
expressions of Prashanna and Dolma, and find out how their expressions differ
at two different times.
Prasanna (on Friday
evening): I don’t like this party. I want to go home now.
Dolma (next morning):
Prasanna said that she didn’t like the party, and she wanted to go home then.
2. Tick (√) the correct indirect speech for the following direct
expressions. [2]
i. Pratima says, “I have won
the match.”
a) Pratima says that he has won the match.
b) Pratima says that he had won the match.
c) Pratima said that he had won the match.
d) Pratima said that I had won the match.
ii. Yojana said, “I don’t
like to study all the time.”
a) Yojana said that he doesn’t like to study all the time.
b) Yojana said that he doesn’t like to study all the time.
c) Yojana said that he doesn’t like to study all the time.
d) Yojana said that I don’t like to study all the time.
To make our statements more precise and show the mood of the
speaker we use these reporting verbs. Check the verbs and clauses that follow
these reporting verbs.
3. Read the direct speech
below, and complete the indirect reporting that follows. [10]
a) “I overslept this morning.”
·
Santosh said that
..................................................................................
b) “The earth moves around the sun.”
·
Durga told me that
...........................................................................
c) “I’m tired.”
·
Hira says that
.................................................................................
d) “John had an accident.”
·
Becky said that
......................................................................................
e) “I was working until ten o’clock last night.”
·
Alex said ........
....................................................................................
f) “When I got there, the place was almost empty.”
·
Sandy said
..................... .....................................................................
g) “I enjoyed myself last night.”
·
Andy said
.....................
...........................................................................
h) “Puja’s living with her husband now.”
·
Sujata said .....................
........................................................................
i) “I’m meeting John tonight.”
·
Danny said
.....................
....................................................................
j) “It’s raining cats and dogs here.”
·
She told me
.....................
.......................................................................
Some
Useful Links
Note: Please use a separate Notebook for all your tasks or A4 size paper well-maintained in a portfolio/file in the same order for submission and evaluation later.
The End
Compiled, Edited and Prepared by Jaya Narayan Bhusal
Department of English
